Image Editing

Aspect Ratio

The proportional relationship between an image's width and height, typically expressed as two numbers separated by a colon (e.g., 16:9, 4:3, 1:1).

Example: A standard widescreen video has an aspect ratio of 16:9, while a square Instagram post has a 1:1 aspect ratio.
Image Resizing Photography

Compression

The process of reducing an image's file size by removing redundant or less important data. Can be lossless (no quality reduction) or lossy (some quality reduction).

Example: JPEG compression reduces file size by discarding some image data, while PNG uses lossless compression to maintain quality.
File Size Optimization

DPI (Dots Per Inch)

A measure of spatial printing or display resolution, representing the number of individual dots that can be placed in a line within the span of one inch.

Example: For high-quality printing, images should have a DPI of at least 300, while web images typically use 72 DPI.
Resolution Printing

Alpha Channel

An additional channel in an image that stores transparency information, allowing parts of an image to be completely or partially transparent.

Example: PNG images support an alpha channel, which allows for transparent backgrounds or partially transparent elements.
Transparency Background Removal

Gaussian Blur

A type of image blur that uses a Gaussian function to calculate the transformation. It creates a smooth blur effect by reducing image noise and detail.

Example: Gaussian blur is often used to create a soft background effect or to reduce noise in photographs.
Blur Effects Image Processing

Text Manipulation

Regex (Regular Expression)

A sequence of characters that defines a search pattern, mainly for use in pattern matching with strings. Used for advanced text search and manipulation.

Example: The regex pattern \b\w+@\w+\.\w+\b can be used to find email addresses within a text document.
Pattern Matching Text Search

Camel Case

A naming convention where compound words or phrases are written without spaces, with each word capitalized except for the first word (e.g., camelCase, backgroundColor).

Example: In JavaScript, variables are typically written in camel case, such as "firstName" or "totalAmount".
Text Case Naming Convention

Diff (Difference)

A tool or process that identifies the differences between two texts or files, often displaying additions, deletions, and changes in a visual format.

Example: Using a diff checker, you can compare two versions of a document to see exactly what has changed between them.
Text Comparison Version Control

Tokenization

The process of breaking down text into smaller units called tokens, such as words, phrases, or other meaningful elements.

Example: In natural language processing, tokenization is often the first step, breaking sentences into individual words for analysis.
Text Analysis NLP

Entropy

In information theory, a measure of the randomness or unpredictability of information content. In password generation, higher entropy means more security.

Example: A password with high entropy contains a mix of uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and special characters, making it harder to guess.
Password Generation Information Theory

File Formats

JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)

A commonly used lossy compression format for digital images, particularly photographs. Offers a good balance between file size and image quality.

Example: Photographs on websites are often saved in JPEG format to reduce loading times while maintaining acceptable visual quality.
Image Format Lossy Compression

PNG (Portable Network Graphics)

A raster graphics file format that supports lossless data compression and transparency. Ideal for images with sharp edges, text, or transparency needs.

Example: Logos and icons are often saved as PNG files to preserve sharp edges and allow for transparent backgrounds.
Image Format Lossless Compression

SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics)

An XML-based vector image format for two-dimensional graphics. Scales to any size without losing quality and can be animated or interactive.

Example: Modern websites use SVG icons because they remain crisp at any screen resolution and can be styled with CSS.
Vector Format Web Graphics

WebP

A modern image format developed by Google that provides superior lossless and lossy compression for web images, supporting animation and transparency.

Example: Converting images to WebP format can reduce file sizes by 25-35% compared to JPEG while maintaining similar visual quality.
Image Format Web Optimization

TIFF (Tagged Image File Format)

A flexible, adaptable file format for handling images and data, commonly used in publishing, photography, and professional printing.

Example: Professional photographers often save their work in TIFF format for high-quality printing and archiving.
Image Format Professional Printing

Web Development

Responsive Design

An approach to web design that makes web pages render well on a variety of devices and window or screen sizes, ensuring optimal viewing experience.

Example: Using responsive design techniques like fluid grids and media queries ensures a website looks good on both desktop and mobile devices.
Web Design Mobile Optimization

CDN (Content Delivery Network)

A geographically distributed network of servers that work together to provide fast delivery of Internet content, including web pages, images, and videos.

Example: Using a CDN to serve images and other static assets can significantly improve website loading times for users around the world.
Web Performance Content Delivery

Lazy Loading

A strategy to identify resources as non-blocking and load them only when needed, rather than loading them all at once. Commonly used for images and videos.

Example: Implementing lazy loading for images means they only load when a user scrolls down to see them, improving initial page load time.
Web Performance Image Optimization

Minification

The process of removing unnecessary characters from code (like white space, comments, and line breaks) without changing functionality, to reduce file size.

Example: Minifying CSS and JavaScript files can reduce their size by 30-50%, leading to faster page loading times.
Web Performance Code Optimization

API (Application Programming Interface)

A set of rules and protocols that allows different software applications to communicate with each other, enabling integration and data exchange.

Example: A weather website might use a weather service API to fetch and display current weather conditions for a user's location.
Web Development Integration

SEO

Keyword Density

The percentage of times a keyword or phrase appears on a web page compared to the total number of words on the page. A factor in search engine ranking algorithms.

Example: A natural keyword density of 1-2% is generally considered appropriate for SEO, while higher densities might be seen as keyword stuffing.
Content Optimization Search Ranking

Alt Text

A text description of an image that appears if the image fails to load, and is read by screen readers for visually impaired users. Also used by search engines to understand image content.

Example: Adding descriptive alt text to images helps search engines understand what the images show and can improve image search rankings.
Image SEO Accessibility

Backlink

A link from one website to another. Search engines consider backlinks as votes of confidence, potentially improving the search ranking of the linked site.

Example: High-quality backlinks from authoritative websites in your industry can significantly improve your search engine rankings.
Off-page SEO Link Building

Meta Description

An HTML attribute that provides a brief summary of a web page. It doesn't directly affect search rankings but can influence click-through rates from search results.

Example: A compelling meta description that includes relevant keywords can improve the click-through rate from search engine results pages.
On-page SEO SERP Optimization

Canonical URL

The preferred version of a web page's URL, specified to search engines to prevent duplicate content issues when multiple URLs can access the same content.

Example: Using a canonical URL tag helps search engines understand that "example.com/page" and "example.com/page?ref=123" should be treated as the same page.
Technical SEO Duplicate Content